A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels written by American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin. Martin began the first volume of the series, A Game of Thrones, in 1991.
With the popularity of the series growing, the HBO network optioned A Song of Ice and Fire for a television adaptation in 2007.
Source: Wikipedia, "A Song of Ice and Fire", available under the CC-BY-SA License.
The success of the HBO TV series motivated the development of several video games. While the 2007 fan-made MUSH and the 2011 strategy game were based on the novels only, the later games also incorporate elements such as designs or music from the TV series, based on a license from HBO.
Source: Wikipedia, "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire", available under the CC-BY-SA License.